脈沖變壓器工作原理及應用
脈沖變壓器在某些應用中也稱為觸發(fā)變壓器、柵極驅(qū)動變壓器、柵極變壓器、信號變壓器（或）寬帶變壓器。這種變壓器的主要功能是在繞組和負載之間傳輸電壓脈沖。這些變壓器用于電流隔離（信號傳輸）、低功率控制電路和大功率 SMPS 中使用的主要組件。通過使用這種變壓器，可以改變電壓脈沖的幅值；脈沖的極性可以反轉(zhuǎn)，耦合脈沖放大器和隔離變壓器中的不同級。
A pulse transformer is also known as trigger transformer, gate drive transformer, gate transformer, signal transformer (or) wideband transformer in some applications, a. The main function of this transformer is to transmit voltage pulses between windings and the load. These transformers are used for galvanic isolation (signal transmission), low-power control circuits, & the major components used in high-power SMPS. By using this transformer, amplitude in the voltage pulse can be changed; the polarity of the pulse can be inverted, coupling different stages in the pulse amplifier and an isolation transformer.
什么是脈沖變壓器？
定義：通過增強以產(chǎn)生高速且振幅穩(wěn)定的電脈沖的變壓器稱為脈沖變壓器。在傳輸數(shù)字信息以及晶體管（主要是柵極驅(qū)動電路）中經(jīng)常使用這些器件。
理想的變壓器必須具有電流隔離和分布電容。對于電路保護，低耦合電容對電路的保護也很重要。
What is a Pulse Transformer?
Definition: A transformer that is enhanced to produce electrical pulses with high velocity, as well as stable amplitude, is known as a pulse transformer. These are regularly employed while transmitting digital information as well as in transistors, mainly in gate drive circuits.
The perfect transformer must have galvanic isolation and distributed capacitance. For the circuit protection, capacitance with low coupling is also vital to defend the circuit.
脈沖變壓器的信號類型從補充邏輯驅(qū)動到傳輸線都有。這些變壓器的工作功率閾值較小。有幾個這樣的變壓器就像寬帶變壓器一樣。對于數(shù)字數(shù)據(jù)傳輸類型的變壓器，它們被增強以減少信號失真。
信號一致性和頻率范圍可以通過外部特征來確定，例如繞組間電容、每個繞組的單獨電容以及電阻。
這些特性的負面影響將導致下降、過沖、回擺和下降時間以及上升受阻。因此，脈沖變壓器的設計基于電感、工作頻率、功率等級、額定電壓、尺寸、頻率范圍、電阻和繞組電容。
Signal types of pulse transformers are range from complementing logic drives to transmission lines. These transformers work with lesser power thresholds. Several such transformers serve like wideband transformers. For digital data transmission types of transformers, they are enhanced to reduce signal distortions.
The signal conformity & frequency range can be determined through exterior features such as inter-winding capacitance, each winding individual capacitance and also resistance.
Negative effects of these features will result in droop, overshoot, backswing & fall time and deterred rise. So pulse transformers are designed based on inductance, operating frequency, power grades, voltage ratings, size, frequency range, resistance, and winding capacitance.
脈沖變壓器的類型
這些變壓器分為以下兩種類型
1). 功率脈沖變壓器
這些變壓器將電壓從功率級（一個電平/相位配置）更改為另一個。這些變壓器的配置可分為單相或三相，并隨繞組的連接方式而變化。
2). 信號脈沖變壓器
這些變壓器是一種脈沖變壓器，利用電磁感應將一個電路的信息傳輸?shù)搅硪粋€電路。它們通常用于提高或降低電力變壓器中從一個表面到另一個表面的電壓。通過使用信號變壓器，實現(xiàn)了數(shù)字信號的轉(zhuǎn)換。繞組匝數(shù)比決定了電壓的改變。
這些變壓器包含低損耗磁芯，設計用于在高頻率下運行。通過設計繞組配置，可以減少繞組電容和漏感等寄生元件，從而增強耦合。
Types of Pulse Transformers
These transformers are classified into two types like the following
1). Power Pulse Transformer
These transformers change voltages from power-level (one level/phase configuration) to another. The configurations of these transformers are accessible in either 1-phase or 3-phase and vary with how the winding is connected.
2). Signal Pulse Transformer
These transformers are one kind of pulse transformers, uses electromagnetic induction for transmitting one circuit’s information to another. They are regularly used to raise or reduce the voltage in a power transformer from one surface to the other. By using signal transformers, the no. of windings turn ratio decides to modify in voltage.
These transformers contain low-loss cores, designed to run at high frequencies. Parasitic elements like winding capacitance & leakage inductance can be reduced by designing the winding configuration so that coupling can be enhanced.
性能規(guī)格
這些變壓器主要包括如重復率、占空比、脈沖寬度、量程范圍、I/O 電壓、電流、頻率等性能指標，以及長度 (L)、寬度 (W) 和高度 (H)等物理尺寸。
脈沖重復率的頻率是標準編號。特定周期內(nèi)每個時間單位的脈沖數(shù)。脈沖寬度是最初和最終實例之間的周期，即時振幅達到峰值脈沖振幅的特定分數(shù)。
Performance Specifications
These transformers mainly include performance specifications like repetition rate, duty cycle, pulse width, range, I/O voltage, current, frequency & physical dimensions like length (L), width (W) and height (H).
The frequency of pulse repetition rate is the standard no. of pulses for each unit of time in a particular period. Pulse width is the period between the primary and final instances that immediate amplitude achieves a particular fraction of peak pulse amplitude.
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